You Searched For: Antibodies

Catalog Number: (10801-042)

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Description: CXXC5 is zinc finger protein closely related to the DVL1-binding protein CXXC4 (also known as Idax), and like CXXC4 is thought to modulate the Wnt signaling pathway during development. CXXC5 is upregulated in neural stem cells upon BMP4 stimulation, leading to decreased levels of the Wnt-signaling target AXIN2 and facilitated the response of the stem cells to Wnt3a. Recent reports suggest CXXC5 transcription is activated by the Wilms tumor 1 (WT1) transcription factor, and together are involved in the WNT/beta-catenin pathway and play a role in embryonic kidney development.

Catalog Number: (10801-094)

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Description: DCLK1 is one of three doublecortin-like kinases similar to the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMK) family. DCLK1 mRNA, like that of the homologous DCLK2 and DCLK3, is highly expressed in adult brain, but only DCLK1 and DCLK2 transcripts are present in human fetal brain and the developing mouse embryo, suggesting that DCLK1 and DCLK2 may play roles in cortical development. The DCLK proteins are homologous to Doublecortin (DCX), a gene that is mutated in X-linked human lissencephaly. In mouse models where the DCX gene has been disrupted, DCLK1 expression increases slightly and appears to compensate for the loss of DCX, as mice mutant for both DCX and DCLK1 show a severe phenotype including perinatal lethality, disorganized neocortical layering, and profound hippocampal cytoarchitectural disorganization. Unlike DCLK1, DCLK2 expression does not change in DCX-null mice.

Catalog Number: (10801-102)

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Description: Apoptosis is induced by certain cytokines including TNF and Fas ligand in the TNF family through their death domain containing receptors. Several novel members in the TNFR family including DR3, DR4, DR5, and DR6 were recently discovered and function as cell death receptors. Two decoy receptors, DcR1 and DcR2, were recently identified to compete with DR4 and DR5 for their ligand TRAIL binding. A novel decoy receptor was more recently discovered and designated DcR3 and TR6, respectively,. Unlike DcR1 and DcR2, DcR3 is a soluble rather than a membrane associated molecule. DcR3 binds to FasL and LIGHT and inhibits FasL and LIGHT induced apoptosis. DcR3 transcript is expressed in a number of lung and colon carcinomas and in some normal tissues.

Catalog Number: (10801-080)

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Description: The Wnt signaling cascade is a conserved process in multicellular animals that plays important roles during development and can contribute to cancer and other diseases. Many members of this pathway are also expressed in the postnatal tissues such as brain. One such protein is Dact2, a member of the Dact protein family that was initially identified through binding to Disheveled (Dvl), a cytoplasmic protein essential to Wnt signaling. Dact2 is most prominent during the development of the thymus kidneys, and salivary gland. Dact2 is thought to play a role distinct from that of Dact1 with Dact2 having a greater impact on a beta-catenin-independent process termed planar cell polarity/convergent-extension signaling. Furthermore, Dact2 but not Dact1 can inhibit Nodal signaling by promoting the endocytic degradation of TGF-beta receptors. At least two isoforms of Dact2 are known to exist.

Catalog Number: (10801-050)

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Description: Cyclin O, also known as CCNO, has recently been identified as a Cdk1- and Cdk2-activating cyclin specific to apoptosis in lymphoid cells. Cyclin O binds to and activates Cdk2 in response to instrinsic apoptotic stimuli such as glucocorticoids or DNA-damaging agents. Supression of Cyclin O expression by shRNA leads to the inhibition of glucocorticoid and DNA-damage-induced apoptosis due to a failure of apical caspase activation while leaving the CD95 death receptor-mediated apoptosis intact. Note: this gene, which had a previous symbol of UNG2, was erroneously identified as a uracil DNA glycosylase. A later publication identified this gene's product as a cyclin protein family member.

Catalog Number: (10801-100)

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Description: DcR2 antibody detects human DcR2 precursor. Apoptosis is induced by certain cytokines including TNF and Fas ligand in the TNF family through their death domain containing receptors. TRAIL/Apo2L is a new member of the TNF family and induces apoptosis of a variety of tumor cell lines. DR4 and DR5 are the recently identified functional receptors for TRAIL, and DcR1/TRID is a decoy receptor. Another member of the TRAIL receptor family was more recently identified and designated DcR2, TRAIL-R4, or TRUNDD. DcR2 has an extracellular TRAIL-binding domain but lacks intracellular death domain and does not induce apoptosis. Like DR4 and DR5, DcR2 transcript is widely expressed in normal human tissues. Overexpression of DcR2 attenuated TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Anti-DcR2 antibodies are ideal for investigators involved in NFkappaB, Apoptosis, Cytokine and Growth factor research.

Catalog Number: (10800-352)

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Description: BICD2 is the second human homolog discovered to the Drosophila Bicaudal-D protein that forms part of the cytoskeleton and mediates the correct sorting of mRNAs for oocyte- and axis-determining factors during oogenesis. Similar to the highly homologous protein BICD1, BICD2 can bind to dynein-dynactin complex, primarily through the dynamitin subunit of dynactin. The C-terminus of BICD2 targets the protein to the Golgi complex while the N-terminal domain of BICD2 co-immunoprecipitates with cytoplasmic dynein, suggesting BICD2 plays a role in the dynein-dynactin interaction on the surface of membranous organelles. Mice engineered to overexpress the BICD2 amino terminal domain in neurons developed amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)-like features such as Golgi fragmentation, neurofilament swelling in proximal axons, etc., suggesting that impaired dynein/dynactin function may explain some of the pathological features observed in ALS patients.

Catalog Number: (10800-370)

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Description: Anti-Bilirubin Oxidase antibody is an enzyme that increases the oxidation rate of bilirubin to biliverdin and other substrates. It is ideal for investigators interested in Metabolism or Signal Transduction research.

Catalog Number: (10800-356)

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Description: Apoptosis plays a major role in normal organism development, tissue homeostasis, and removal of damaged cells. Disruption of this process has been implicated in a variety of diseases such as cancer. The Bcl-2 family of proteins is comprised of critical regulators of apoptosis that can be divided into two classes: those that inhibit apoptosis and those that promote cell death. Bid, a pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 family member, is cleaved by caspase-8 in response to apoptotic signals, exposing the Bcl-2 homology 3 (BH3) domain which is normally buried in the full-length protein. The cleaved complex is myris-toylated and translocated to the mitochondrial membrane where it may induce mitochondrial Bax and Bak to oligomerize.

Catalog Number: (10800-344)

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Description: Apoptosis plays a major role in normal organism development, tissue homeostasis, and removal of damaged cells and is caused by caspase activation. Proteins that comprise the Bcl-2 family appear to control the activation of these enzymes. One such member is multi-domain antiapoptotic protein Bfl-1, which is overexpressed in stomach and other cancers. Bfl-1 can interact with Bax and suppress apoptosis by inhibiting the release of cytochrome c and caspase-3 activation. It is upregulated in cisplatin-resistant human bladder tumors, suggesting that its expression may be important for cisplatin resistance and inhibition of apoptosis in cancer cells. At least two isoforms of Bfl-1 are known to exist.

Catalog Number: (10800-374)

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Description: Members in the Bcl-2 family are critical regulators of apoptosis by either inhibiting or promoting cell death. Bcl-2 homology 3 (BH3) domain is a potent death domain. BH3 domain containing pro-apoptotic proteins, including Bad, Bax, Bid, Bik, and Hrk, form a growing subclass of the Bcl-2 family. Bim is another BH3 domain containing protein which can induce apoptosis. Bim interacts with diverse members in the pro-survival Bcl-2 sub-family including Bcl-2, Bcl-xL and Bcl-w. The messenger RNA of Bim is ubiquitously expressed in multiple tissues and cell lines.

Catalog Number: (10800-334)

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Description: Actins are highly conserved proteins that are involved in cell motility, structure and integrity, processes that are crucial for tissue development and the development of organism. The actin cytoskeleton is one of the principal drivers of cell motility and is capable of responding to complex signaling cascades. Recent evidence suggests that it may play key roles in regulating apoptosis and aging. Beta actin is one of six different actin isoforms which have been identified. Like GAPDH, beta-actin is constitutively expressed at high levels in almost all tissues and cell lines making it ideal for use as a loading control marker in immunoblots.

Catalog Number: (10799-992)

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Description: The amphoterin-induced gene and ORF (AMIGO1) protein is a brain-enriched, glycosylated transmembrane immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily protein with six extracellular leucine-rich repeats (LRRs) and one Ig-like domain. It and the related proteins AMIGO2 and AMIGO3 are thought to be cell adhesion molecules expressed on fiber tracts of neuronal tissues and participate in their formation (1). AMIGO1 has also been suggested to play important roles in dendritic outgrowth during development and could modulate the survival of developing and adult neurons (2).

Catalog Number: (10799-908)

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Description: BRSK1 was initially identified as a mammalian homolog to the fission yeast S. pombe Cdr2, a mitosis-regulatory kinase and also shows significant homology to the C. elegans neuronal cell polarity regulator SAD1. BRSK1 is unbiquitously expressed, with highest levels of expression in the brain and testes. Similar to its yeast homolog, BRSK1 is thought to be involved in stress-induced cell cycle arrest. Overexpression of this protein leads to the G2/M arrest in HeLa S2 cells and UV-induced G2/M arrest could be partially abrogated by reduced expression of BRSK1 through the use of siRNA, indicating its role in DNA damage checkpoint function. More recently, it has been shown that both BRSK1 and the related protein BRSK2 are required for mammalian neuronal polarization. While BRSK1- and BRSK2-null mice were viable, double-mutant mice died within two hours of birth. Neurons from these mice showed uniformly-sized neurites as opposed to the normal long axon and multiple shorter dendrites. These neurites also displayed both axonal and dendritic markers. At least two isoforms of BRSK1 are known to exist.

Catalog Number: (10799-984)

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Description: Microtubules are involved in a wide variety of cellular activities ranging from mitosis and transport events to cell movement and the maintenance of cell shape. Tubulin itself is a globular protein consisting of two polypeptides (alpha and beta tubulin). Alpha and beta tubulin dimers are assembled to 13 protofilaments that form a microtubule of 22-nm diameter. Tyrosine ligase adds a C-terminal tyrosine to monomeric alpha tubulin. Assembled microtubules can again be detyrosinated by a cytoskeleton-associated carboxypeptidase. Detyrosinated alpha tubulin is referred to as Glu-tubulin. Another post-translational modification of detyrosinated alpha tubulin is C-terminal polyglutamylation, which is characteristic of microtubules in neuronal cells and the mitotic spindle.  This antibody makes an excellent loading control.

Catalog Number: (10799-990)

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Description: Autophagy, the process of bulk degradation of cellular proteins through an autophagosomic-lysosomal pathway is important for normal growth control and may be defective in tumor cells. It is involved in the preservation of cellular nutrients under starvation conditions as well as the normal turnover of cytosolic components. Beclin-1, a principal regulator of autophagosome formation, is in turn regulated by Ambra1. Ambra1 associates with Beclin-1 through a region near its center as determined by yeast two-hybrid assay. Null mutations in this gene in mice resulted in embryonic lethality with severe neural tube defects associated with autophagy impairment, accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins, unbalanced cell proliferation and excessive apoptotic death. Furthermore, down-regulation of Ambra1 in cultured cells though RNA interference decreased the level of rapamycin- and nutrient starvation-induced autophagy. Multiple isoforms of Ambra1 are known to exist.