Inflammatory caspases (also known as group I caspases) are encoded by three main genes in humans, caspase-1, caspase-4 and caspase-5 and three main genes in mouse, caspase-1, caspase-11 and caspase-12. Caspase-11 is the murine orthologue of human caspase-4 and -5. Murine caspase-11 is a poorly characterized member of the caspase-1 subfamily. Caspase-11-deficient embryonic fibroblasts are resistant to apoptosis induced by ectopic expression of caspase-1, suggesting that caspase-11 is an upstream activator of caspase-1. Unlike caspase-1, the expression of caspase-11 is LPS-inducible and it is reasonable to postulate that other members of the family are regulated at the transcriptional or translational level by extracellular stimuli. Recently caspase-11 has been shown to be required for activation of the Nlrp3 inflammasome upon E. coli, V. cholerae and C. rodentium infection. The upstream activators of caspase-11 are TLR4 and TRIF, that modulate enteropathogen-induced inflammasome activation by promoting caspase-11 expression and activation. Formation of ASC foci (specks), a measure of NLRP3/ASC complex formation, requires caspase-11 but not caspase-1 indicating that caspase-11 acts upstream of the NLRP3/ASC complex.
Type: Primary
Antigen: CASP4
Clonality: Monoclonal
Clone: Flamy-1
Conjugation: Unconjugated
Epitope:
Host:
Isotype: Mouse IgG2bkappa
Reactivity: Human, Mouse